Smart Plantation Berbasis Artificial Intelligence: Transformasi SDM Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Menuju Sistem Berkelanjutan, Unggul, dan Adaptif
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54387/semnasbun.v1i1.210Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Smart Plantation, Pengembangan SDM, Kompetensi Digital, Kinerja BerkelanjutanAbstract
Transformasi digital menjadi kebutuhan strategis industri perkebunan kelapa sawit dalam meningkatkan produktivitas, daya saing, dan keberlanjutan. Penerapan Artificial Intelligence (AI) melalui konsep Smart Plantation menawarkan peluang untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengelolaan perkebunan, namun keberhasilannya memerlukan kesiapan teknologi yang didukung pengembangan dan kompetensi digital sumber daya manusia (SDM). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme transformasi SDM berbasis AI dalam meningkatkan kinerja perkebunan berkelanjutan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei eksplanatori terhadap 250 responden yang terlibat dalam aktivitas operasional dan manajerial perkebunan kelapa sawit. Model penelitian mengintegrasikan Artificial Intelligence Readiness, Human Resource Development, Digital Competence, Adaptive Work Performance, dan Sustainable Plantation Performance. Data dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) dengan SmartPLS 4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh hubungan struktural yang diuji berpengaruh positif dan signifikan. Pengaruh terkuat ditemukan pada hubungan AI terhadap pengembangan SDM (β = 0,598), diikuti kompetensi digital terhadap kinerja adaptif (β = 0,517), pengembangan SDM terhadap kompetensi digital (β = 0,480), dan kinerja adaptif terhadap kinerja perkebunan berkelanjutan (β = 0,470). Model menjelaskan 39,8% variasi Sustainable Plantation Performance. Temuan menegaskan bahwa keberhasilan Smart Plantation tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kesiapan AI, tetapi juga oleh pengembangan SDM, kompetensi digital, dan kemampuan kerja adaptif. Integrasi teknologi dan kapabilitas manusia menjadi fondasi strategis transformasi perkebunan kelapa sawit yang unggul, adaptif, dan berkelanjutan.
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